Urinary bladder cancer

Contents

T (Primary tumor)
N (locoregional lymph-nodes)
Μ (metastases)
Nomograms for urinary bladder cancer

Staging of the urinary bladder cancer

T (primary tumor)

Tx	The tumor cannot be assessed
T0	There is no evidence of primary tumor
Ta	Papillary carcinoma not invading tissues beyond the mucosa
Tis	Carcinoma in situ (CIS)
T1	The tumor invades the dermis (basal membrane)
T1a	The tumor does not invade the submucosal muscle layer
T1b	The tumor minimally invades the submucosal muscle layer
T1c	The tumor deeply invade the submucosal muscle layer
T2	The tumor invades the muscular layer
T2a	The tumor invades the superficial muscular layer
T2b	The tumor invades the deep muscular layer
T3	The tumor extends into the perivesical fat
T3a	Microscopic infiltration of the perivesical fat
T3b	Macroscopic infiltration of the perivesical fat
T4	The tumor invades one of the adjacent organs
T4a	The tumor invades the prostate gland, the uterus or the vagina.
T4b	The tumor invades the pelvic or the abdominal wall

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Ν (locoregional lymph-nodes)

Nx	The locoregional lymph nodes can not be assessed
N0	There are no metastases to the locoregional lymph-nodes
N1	Metastasis in a lymph node of a maximum diameter < 2cm
N2	Metastasis in a lymph node of a maximum diameter> 2, but <5 cm, or metastases to multiple lymph-nodes, none of which has a diameter> 5cm
N3	Metastasis in a lymph node of a maximum diameter > 5

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Μ (metastases)

Mx	The presence of distal metastases can not be assessed
M0	There are no distal metastases
M1	Presence of distal metastases

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Nomograms for urinary bladder cancer

Name
Special features	General population
What does it calculate?	Risk of urinary bladder cancer and prevention
Creator	Harvard School of Public Health
First publication
References
Institution / name
Link	http://www.diseaseriskindex.harvard.edu/update/hccpquiz.pl?lang=english&func=start&quiz=bladder
ISUD Evaluation	*

Name
Special features	For high risk patients – It is based on the NMP22 test
What does it calculate?	Probability of presence of urinary bladder cancer
Creator	Lotan, University of Montreal
First publication	Lotan Y, et al. BJU Int. 2009; 103: 1368-74
References	17
Institution / name	Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal
Link	http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_hri.php?
ISUD Evaluation	*******

Name
Special features	It is based on the NMP22 test
What does it calculate?	Risk of disease recurrence
Creator	Shariat SF, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
First publication	Shariat SF, et al. J Urol. 2005; 173: 1518-25
References	60
Institution / name	Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal
Link	http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_nmprec.php?
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Risk of recurrence and progression of disease 1-5 years after resection
Creator	EORTC Risk Tables for Stage Ta /T1 Bladder Cancer
First publication	Sylvester RJ, et al. Eur Urol. 2006; 49: 466-5
References	381
Institution / name	European Organization of Research and Treatment of Cancer
Link	http://www.eortc.be/tools/bladdercalculator/download_disclaimer.htm
ISUD Evaluation	*******

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Pre-operative assessment of the probability of presence of extravesical expansion during radical cystectomy (before radical cystectomy)
Creator	Karakiewicz PI, University of Montreal
First publication	Karakiewicz PI, et al. Eur Urol. 2006; 50: 1254-60
References	35
Institution / name	Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal
Link	http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_pt3p.php?
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Pre-operative assessment of the probability of presence of lymph-node invasion during radical cystectomy (before radical cystectomy)
Creator	Karakiewicz PI, University of Montreal
First publication	Karakiewicz PI, et al. Eur Urol. 2006; 50: 1254-60
References	35
Institution / name	Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal
Link	http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_pnp.php?
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Risk of disease recurrence after cystectomy for the next 2, 5, 8 years
Creator	Karakiewicz PI, University of Montreal
First publication	Karakiewicz PI, et al. J Urol. 2006; 176: 1354-61
References	55
Institution / name	Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal
Link	http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_brec.php?
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	5-year disease-free survival after radical cystectomy
Creator	International Bladder Cancer Nomogram Consortium, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
First publication	Bochner BH, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2006; 24: 3967-72
References	80
Institution / name	Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Link	http://nomograms.mskcc.org/Bladder/PostSurgery.aspx
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Survival from cancer after cystectomy for the next 2, 5, 8 years
Creator	Shariat SF, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
First publication	Shariat SF, et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2006; 12: 6663-76
References	52
Institution / name	Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal
Link	http://www.nomogram.org/Bladder/calc_bsm.php
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Cancer-specific morbidity and mortality from other causes in the next five-year period after radical cystectomy.
Creator	Lughezzani G, University of Montreal
First publication	Lughezzani G, et al. Cancer. 2011; 117: 103-9
References	4
Institution / name	Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA
Link	http://labs.fccc.edu/nomograms/nomogram.php?id=48&audience=1
ISUD Evaluation	**

Name
Special features	For non muscle-invasive tumors
What does it calculate?	Staging
Creator	National Comprehensive Cancer Network
First publication	NCCN Guidelines, Version 2.2012
References
Institution / name	Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania USA
Link	http://labs.fccc.edu/nomograms/nomogram.php?id=54&audience=1&status=1
ISUD Evaluation	*******

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